DEFINITION:

Includes a wide range of non-classical propulsion systems, for both spacecraft and launchers/upper-stages, and the technology field of breakthrough propulsion physics.

(Source: ESA TD 19C)

SUBDOMAINS:

1. Solar Thermal Propulsion Systems
2. Nuclear Propulsion Systems
3. Solar Sailing Propulsion Systems
4. Tethered Propulsion Systems
5. New Concepts

Including laser-beamed propulsion, Lorentz force accelerators, cryo-solids, etc.